lesson 5 The Cone f Experience

                      
                     The Cone of  Experience  

                                                             
    


  The Cone was originally developed by Edgar Dale in 1946 and was intended as a way to describe
 various learning experiences. The diagram presented to the right (Raymond S. Pastore, Ph.D) is a 
modification of Dale’s original Cone; the percentages given relate to how much people remember and is a recent modification. Essentially, the Cone shows the progression of experiences from the most concrete (at the bottom of the cone) to the most abstract (at the top of the cone). It is important to note that Dale never intended the Cone to depict a value judgment of experiences; in other words, his argument was not that more concrete experiences were better than more abstract ones. Dale believed that any and all of the approaches could and should be used, depending on the needs of the learner. 

           
Direct purposeful experience- these are first hand experiences which serve as the foundation of our learning. We build up our reservoir of meaningful information and ideas though seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling.

Contrived experience- We make use of a representative models or mock ups of reality for practical reasons and so that we can make the real-life accessible to the students' preceptions and understanding.

Dramatized experience- We can participate in a reconstructed experience, even though the original event is far removed from us in time.

Demonstration- It is a visualized explanation of an important fact, idea, or process by the use of photographs, drawings, films, displays, or guided motions.

Study trips- These are excursions and visits conducted to observe an event that is unavailable within the classroom.

Exhibits- They may consist of working models arranged meaningfully or photographs  with models, charts, and posters.

Television and motion pictures- It is reconstruct the reality of the past so effectively that we are made to feel we are there

Still pictures, Recordings, Radio-  These are visual and auditory may be used by an individual or a group.

Visual symbols- These are no longer realistic reproduction of physical things for these are highly abstract representation.

Verbal symbols- They are not the objects or idea for which they stand. It may word for a concrete object (book), an idea (freedom of speech), a scientific principle (the principle of balance).